The purpose of this warm-up is to invite students to share what they know about inches. Later in the lesson, students will explore lengths that are not a whole-number of inches.
Launch
Display the question.
“What do you know about inches?”
1 minute: quiet think time
Activity
Record responses.
Student Task Statement
What do you know about inches?
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
Activity Synthesis
“Inches are a unit we use to measure length. What are some lengths that we could use inches to measure?“ (the length of a shoe, the length of material for an art project, the height of a desk)
Activity 1
15 mins
Measure around the Room
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
3.MD.4
Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and fourths of an inch. Show the data by making a line plot, where the horizontal scale is marked off in appropriate units— whole numbers, halves, or quarters.
In grade 2, students only measured the length of objects that were whole units and sometimes described lengths as “about 4 inches.” The purpose of this activity is for students to learn that fractions of an inch can be useful for measuring the length of an object that is not exactly a whole number of inches.
Given a ruler marked with inches, students measure objects around the classroom. They may record measurements in whole inches even for objects whose length is not exactly a whole number of inches. In the Activity Synthesis, discuss the need for fractions of an inch to describe lengths more precisely (MP6).
The rulers from this activity are used in the next activity.
Engagement: Develop Effort and Persistence. Chunk this task into more manageable parts. Check in with students to provide feedback and encouragement after each chunk. Supports accessibility for: Attention, Organization
Launch
Groups of 2
Give each student a ruler.
Activity
“Use your ruler to measure the length of objects in the room. Work with your partner. You should each choose 3 objects.”
5–7 minutes: partner work time
Monitor for students who find objects that are not exactly whole numbers of inches. Highlight the objects and their measurement in the Activity Synthesis.
Student Task Statement
Use the ruler from your teacher to measure the length of objects in the room. Be prepared to discuss your reasoning.
object
length (inches)
Student Response
Activity Synthesis
Display the inch ruler and an object that wasn’t exactly a whole number of inches. (Try to choose at least one object whose length is close to halfway between two whole inches.)
“What is the length of this object?” (between 3 and 4 inches, more than 3 but less than 4, three-and-a-half inches)
If needed, ask “Could we say that the length of this object is (a whole number of) inches?” (No, It's between 3 inches and 4 inches.)
“We need a way to make our measurements more precise. We'll think about this more in the next activity.”
Activity 2
20 mins
Partition Inches into Halves
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
3.MD.4
Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and fourths of an inch. Show the data by making a line plot, where the horizontal scale is marked off in appropriate units— whole numbers, halves, or quarters.
The purpose of this activity is for students to partition the inches on a ruler to show half inches and then use their ruler to measure lengths to the nearest half of an inch.
The unpartitioned rulers from this activity are used in the next lesson.
MLR2 Collect and Display. Circulate to listen for and collect the language and numbers that students use as they measure objects. On a visible display, record numbers, words and phrases, such as "seven half inches," "seven halves of an inch," "," "between 2 and 3 inches," "six and a half inches," "," and "less than 5 inches." Invite students to borrow language from the display as needed, and update it throughout the lesson. Advances: Conversing, Reading
Launch
Groups of 2
“How could we adjust our rulers to measure lengths that are in between whole numbers of inches?” (We could fold each inch into smaller equal parts. We could partition each inch into halves.)
Activity
“Work with your partner to partition every inch on one ruler into halves of an inch. Decide whose ruler you’ll partition. Leave the other ruler in whole inches.”
2–3 minutes: partner work time
“Just like in the last activity, you may have objects that don't line up with one of the marks on the ruler. How might you record those lengths? Talk to your partner about it.” (Estimate how long the object is. Record the mark that is closest.)
1 minute: partner discussion
Share responses.
“Work with your partner to choose objects to measure to the nearest half inch. You should each measure 3 objects.”
5–7 minutes: partner work time
Monitor for students who find measurements that are a whole number of inches and those that find measurements that include a whole number and a half inch.
Student Task Statement
You will need 1 ruler from an earlier activity.
Work with your partner to partition every inch on the ruler into halves of an inch.
Take turns using this ruler to measure some lengths around the room. Measure each length to the nearest half inch.
object
length (inches)
Activity Synthesis
Invite previously selected students to share.
“How did you measure the length of objects when the length was in between the marks on your ruler?” (We recorded the mark that was closest. The length was right between 1 inch and inches, so we estimated the length to be about inches.)
As needed, explain that when measuring to the nearest half inch, the result can be a whole number of inches. For example, if an object's length is closer to 3 inches than to 3 1/2 inches, its length to the nearest half inch is 3 inches (or inches).
“Save both rulers—the one you partitioned to show halves of an inch and the one that is not partitioned—for the next lesson.”
Lesson Synthesis
“Today we used a ruler to measure length in inches.”
“How is a ruler like a number line?” (The numbers go up as we move to the right. On both a number line and a ruler, each number has a location. On both, we can partition the wholes into halves.)
Display the length of one of the objects as a fraction greater than 1 and as a mixed number of inches (for example, inches and inches).
“How could these two numbers show the same length?” (One tells us the number of whole inches and then how many half inches. The other tells us how many halves. They would be at the same location on the ruler, so they are the same length.)
“When we record the length in fractions that are greater than 1, we can record a fraction like , or we can use a number that combines a whole number with a fraction less than 1, like . A number like this that combines a whole number and a fraction less than 1 is called a mixed number.”
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Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and fourths of an inch. Show the data by making a line plot, where the horizontal scale is marked off in appropriate units— whole numbers, halves, or quarters.